In heavy electric forklift trucks, the lifting, tilting, and side-to-side (left-right) movement of the fork are controlled by different hydraulic components and control systems. Here's a breakdown of the main parts responsible for each movement:
1.Lifting Control (Up and Down)
Purpose:Raises or lowers the forks to pick up or place loads.
Hydraulic Lift Cylinder(s):
Vertical cylinder(s) located inside or behind the mast. These provide the main lifting force by extending and retracting.
Hydraulic Pump and Motor:
Powered by the electric motor and battery, it generates hydraulic pressure to move the cylinders.
Lift Control Valve/Joystick:
Operator-controlled valve that directs hydraulic flow to the lift cylinder.
2.Tilting Control (Forward and Backward Tilt)
Purpose:Tilts the mast and forks forward (for load dumping) or backward (to stabilize the load during transport).
Tilt Cylinders:
Usually mounted on both sides of the mast base. When extended or retracted, they tilt the mast accordingly.
Tilt Control Valve/Joystick:
Directs hydraulic flow to tilt cylinders as per operator input.
3.Side-to-Side (Left-Right) Movement - Sideshift
Purpose:Allows small horizontal adjustments without moving the entire forklift, improving positioning accuracy.
Sideshift Hydraulic Cylinder (optional attachment):
Mounted between the carriage and the fork bar. Moves the fork assembly left or right.
Sideshift Control Valve/Joystick:
Sends hydraulic pressure to the sideshift cylinder for directional movement.
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